Tran Quoc Tang

Not to be confused with Trần Quốc Tuấn or Trần Quốc Toản.
Trần Quốc Tảng
Prince Hưng Nhượng
Issue
Empress Thuận Thánh Bảo Từ
Prince Văn Huệ Trần Quốc Triều
House Trần Dynasty
Father Trần Hưng Đạo
Mother Princess Thiên Thành
Born  ?
Yên Sinh, Đại Việt
Died 1313
Đại Việt

Prince Hưng Nhượng Trần Quốc Tảng (Hán tự: 陳國顙; ?–1313) was the third son of Prince Hưng Đạo Trần Quốc Tuấn. He was a general of the Trần Dynasty during the reign of emperors Trần Nhân Tông and Trần Anh Tông who was also his son-in-law. As a member of Yên Sinh's line in Trần clan, Trần Quốc Tảng supported the plot of taking over the throne from Trần Cảnh's line which was opposed by his father Trần Quốc Tuấn and his elder brother Trần Quốc Nghiễn, this difference made Prince Hưng Đạo break off the paternal relation with Trần Quốc Tảng until his death in 1300.

Contents

History

Prince Hưng Nhượng (興讓王, Vietnamese: Hưng Nhượng vương) Trần Quốc Tảng was born in Yên Sinh fief (now Đông Triều District, Quảng Ninh) as the third son of Prince Hưng Đạo Trần Quốc Tuấn,[1] leader of Yên Sinh's line in Trần clan. After the 1237 event in which Trần Liễu, Trần Quốc Tuấn's father, was forced by grand chancellor Trần Thủ Độ, to give up his pregnant wife Thuận Thiên to his younger brother Trần Cảnh,[2][3] an inherited hatred began to take form between the Yên Sinh's line of Trần Liễu including Trần Quốc Tuấn and Trần Cảnh's line including the emperors Thánh Tông and Nhân Tông. Before his death, Trần Liễu made his son Prince Hưng Đạo Trần Quốc Tuấn promise to revenge for him by taking over the throne but due to the situation of Đại Việt when the Trần Dynasty had to face with three consecutive invasions from the Yuan Dynasty, Trần Quốc Tuấn preferred keeping a harmony between him and Prince Chiêu Minh Trần Quang Khải who was the other commander of Đại Việt's army and also a member of Trần Cảnh's line.[4][5]

After being the commander in chief of Đại Việt's army with a supreme power in royal court, Trần Quốc Tuấn began to reflect on his father's last will and thus seek advice from his servants and surbodinates. The idea of taking over the throne was immediately opposed by Trần Quốc Tuấn's two most-trusted servants, Yết Kiêu and Dã Tượng, so did his eldest son Prince Hưng Vũ Trần Quốc Nghiễn. While their opinions made Prince Hưng Đạo satisfied, his third son Trần Quốc Tảng, on the contrary, proved to support the plot in suggesting his father the story of Emperor Taizu of Song who founded the Song Dynasty by taking over the throne from Later Zhou Dynasty. Trần Quốc Tuấn was so angry after hearing his son's response that he even wanted to kill Trần Quốc Tảng but was stopped by Prince Hưng Vũ. Afterwards, Prince Hưng Đạo Trần Quốc Tuấn decided to break off the paternal relation with his son.[6]

Besides the clash with his father, Trần Quốc Tảng's life was rarely mentioned in Đại Việt sử kí toàn thư, the most comprehensive historical account about dynastic eras of Vietnam. It was said that the general Trần Quốc Tảng fought with his brothers under the command of Trần Quốc Tuấn during the second Mongol invasion of Đại Việt[1] and was promoted to governor (tiết độ sứ) after the war.[7] Together with Prince Chiêu Minh Trần Nhật Duật, he did participated in a military campaign in 1297 with the purpose of putting down a revolt rose in the mountainous region.[8] Prince Hưng Nhượng Trần Quốc Tảng was also one of the first mandarins in royal court realized the bad character of Trần Khắc Chung after his trip to Champa with the purpose of saving Princess Huyền Trân from the death.[9]

Trần Quốc Tảng deceased in March 1313, he was posthumously entitled as prime minister (thái úy) of the royal court.[10]

Family

In February 1291, Trần Quốc Tảng's daughter was married to crown prince Trần Thuyên[11] and eventually became the Empress Thuận Thánh Bảo Từ, empress and later empress mother of the Trần Dynasty.[12] He had another child, Prince Văn Huệ (Văn Huệ công) Trần Quốc Triều, who also held an important position in royal court.[13]

Legacy

Sometimes Trần Quốc Tảng was mistaken with his uncle, Master Tuệ Trung, who was elder brother of Trần Hưng Đạo, this confusion came from the collection Hoàng Việt văn tuyển of Bùi Huy Bích.[14] Nowadays, Trần Quốc Tảng was still worshipped as a deity at Cửa Ông Temple (Cẩm Phả District, Quảng Ninh) near his native land and at a temple in Lạng Sơn,[15] every year a traditional festival is held in Cửa Ông to commemorate the feats of Trần Quốc Tảng.[16]

References

Notes

  1. ^ a b Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993, p. 190
  2. ^ Trần Trọng Kim 1971, p. 49
  3. ^ Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993, pp. 164–166
  4. ^ Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993, p. 211
  5. ^ Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993, pp. 205–206
  6. ^ Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993, pp. 210–211
  7. ^ Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993, p. 200
  8. ^ Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993, p. 207
  9. ^ Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993, pp. 219–220
  10. ^ Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993, p. 225
  11. ^ Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993, p. 202
  12. ^ Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993, p. 227
  13. ^ Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993, p. 215
  14. ^ Tai th Nguyen (1997). History of Buddhism in Vietnam. CRVP. pp. 160. ISBN 1565180984. 
  15. ^ Karen Fjelstad, Nguyễn Thị Hiền (2006). Possessed by the spirits: mediumship in contemporary Vietnamese communities. SEAP Publications. pp. 23. ISBN 0877271410. 
  16. ^ Xavier Guillaume (in French). La Terre du Dragon Tome 2. Editions Publibook. pp. 193. ISBN 2748316479. 

Bibliography